Boating Basics: On the Water
Weather Emergencies

• What To Do in Foul Weather
• VHF Channels
• Weather Warning Signals

Weather can change very rapidly and create unexpected situations for vessel operators. Even meteorologists have trouble predicting rapid weather changes. You should always monitor weather developments. One way is to tune a VHF radio to the frequencies listed below.

What To Do If Caught in Foul Weather

• Be sure your personal flotation device (life jacket) is properly secured on your body.
• If there is fog, sound your fog horn.
• Head for the nearest shore that is safe to approach.
• Head the bow into the waves at a 45-degree angle. PWCs should head into the waves at a 90-degree angle.
• Reduce speed.
• Seat passengers on the bottom of the vessel, as close to the centerline as possible.
• Minimize the danger of having your vessel struck by lightning by seeking shelter in advance of a storm. If caught on open water during a thunderstorm, stay low in the middle of the vessel.
• Secure loose items. Have emergency gear ready.
• Keep the bilge free of water.
• If the engine stops, drop a “sea anchor” on a line off the bow to keep the bow headed into the wind and reduce drifting while you ride out the storm. In an emergency, a bucket will work as a sea anchor.

VHF Frequencies Broadcasting NOAA Weather Reports

• 162.400 MHz
• 162.425 MHz
• 162.450 MHz
• 162.475 MHz
• 162.500 MHz
• 162.525 MHz
• 162.550 MHz

VHF Channels for Recreational Boaters

Weather Warning Display Signals

Daytime Flags & Nighttime Lights	What the Signals Mean
	Small Craft Advisory: Winds in the range of 21 to 33 knots (24 to 38 mph) which are conditions considered dangerous to small boats.
	Gale Warning: Winds in the range of 34 to 47 knots (39 to 54 mph).
	Storm Warning: Winds 48 knots (55 mph) and above. If the winds are associated with a tropical cyclone, this warning forecasts winds of 48 to 63 knots.
	Hurricane Warning: Winds of 64 knots (74 mph) and above, displayed in connection with a hurricane.