It's the Law: Required Equipment
Navigation Lights

The required navigation lights must be displayed between sunset and sunrise and during periods of restricted visibility such as fog or heavy rain. For requirements for larger vessels, see the U.S. Coast Guard's Navigation Rules.

Power-Driven Vessels When Underway

Figure 1: Power-Driven Vessels Less Than 65.6 Ft.

If less than 65.6 ft. long, these vessels must exhibit the lights as shown in the illustrations to the left. Remember, power-driven vessels include sailboats operating under engine power. The required lights are: Red and green sidelights visible from a distance of at least two miles (or if less than 39.4 ft. long, at least one mile). An all-round white light or both a masthead light and a sternlight visible from a distance of at least two miles on a dark, clear night. The all-round white light (or the masthead light) must be at least 3.3 ft. higher than the sidelights.

The masthead light and sternlight may be combined as an all-round white light on vessels less than 39.4 feet long.

Unpowered Vessels When Underway

Unpowered vessels are sailboats or vessels that are paddled, poled, or rowed.

• If less than 65.6 ft. long, these vessels must exhibit the lights as shown in Figure 2. The required lights are:
  • Red and green sidelights visible from a distance of at least two miles (or if less than 39.4 ft. long, at least one mile).
  • A sternlight visible from a distance of at least two miles.

Figure 2: Unpowered Vessels Less Than 65.6 Ft.

An alternative to the sidelights and sternlight is a combination red, green, and white light, which must be exhibited near the top of the mast.

If less than 23.0 ft. long, these vessels should:

• If practical, exhibit the same lights as required for unpowered vessels less than 65.6 ft. in length.
• If not practical, have on hand at least one lantern or flashlight shining a white light as in Figure 3.

Figure 3: Unpowered Vessels Less Than 23.0 Ft.

Vessel operators should never leave shore without a flashlight. Even if you plan to return before dark, unforeseen developments might delay your return past nightfall.

All Vessels When Not Underway

All vessels are required to display a white light visible in all directions whenever moored or anchored away from dock between sunset and sunrise. Vessels less than 23 ft. long are exempt unless anchored in a narrow channel, fairway, or anchorage, or where other vessels navigate.